Many people, without realizing it, may be influenced by fantasies about enlightenment.
(Some great descriptions of issues and misperceptions can be found in Brad Warner's [i:140198fa1e]book 'Hardcore Zen[/i:140198fa1e].' Cheri Huber's [/i]'Perils and Pitfalls of Practice [/i]is also excellent.)
There are some misleading hopes and fantasies floating around concerning enlightenment. These fantasies may set seekers up to get trapped if they encounter a charismatic individual who has learned to trigger altered state of consciousness- in sensitive persons. A key component of this skill is the ability to clue in on a seeker's hopes and dreams and then utilize adroit flattery.
Special experiences apparently have nothing to do with enlightenment.
Another paradox mentioned by many teachers is the more you crave enlightenment, the further you get from it.
If you meet someone who fosters your craving for enlightenment, creates an atmosphere of mystique and glamor around enlightenment, [i:140198fa1e]rather than assisting you to investigate craving itself[/i:140198fa1e], you will land in trouble.
The context in which enlightenment is often discussed or talked may add to the craving. Much of the mythology that has condensed around enlightenment has glamorized it, turned it into a marketable commodity, turned it an object of craving.
This craving state of mind is incompatible with enlightenment.
Even the best intentioned teachers may find their efforts hampered by the social context caused by American-style mass marketing and outreach efforts. As an activity, marketing is based on triggering, then maintaining craving, with the implied promise that a particular product, person or 'xperience will assuage craving.
The fame/glamor factor also hampers genuine enlightenment teaching for it is nearly impossible for someone to sit on stage with a microphone, and not have many persons in the audience crave to become just like that teacher. For the teacher has become their focus of craving by becoming enlightened, talking about enlightenment, and - by having gained social status and prestige by doing all this.
A really conscientious teacher must constantly check and make sure that his or her efforts are not being subverted by social setting & publicity methods.
In New Age venues enlightenment is often presented as something to attain. This bias was in place well before Andrew Cohen came along. This bias is pervasive and very difficult to avoid, unless a teacher contantly safeguards his or her private life, gets intimacy from peers and does regular retreat work in private.
Its a dilemma: how to make liberating teachings available, do outreach and not fall into this trap.
And when people see some teacher onstage, with a crowd of admiring listeners, its easy to associate enlightenment with becoming powerful and desirable, just like that teacher.
But this 'gaining mind' caused by marketing enlightenment turns enlightenment into a commodity, an object of craving, making it impossible for people to experience it.
The lonesome life many teachers live doesnt help matters.
**Another common fantasy equates enlightenment with becoming infallible and perfect.
But any leader who claims to be a perfect person creates a potentially hazardous situation, no matter how kind he is. The teacher is human and will still be imperfect--but teacher and followers will refuse to acknowledge that imperfection. The group is forbidden to recognize the actual human imperfections in the leader [i:140198fa1e]no matter how badly he behaves[/i:140198fa1e].
So nearly always, these groups cope with imperfection by finding someone in the group to function as scapegoat. Over time, the group may deal with imperfection by projecting it outside, getting paranoid in relation to society at large, and have increasing impatience and even contempt for anyone who ignores their outreach.
So any time you see an allegedly enlightened, perfect guru, look for the scapegoat/s. If you are in such a group long enough, chances are, you will become the scapegoat--or someone you love will be selected. If you stand silently aside while others are scapegoated, you get traumatized witnessing their abuse. You may even be pressured to join in scapegoating someone. Thats one of the traumas of persons who emerge from these organizations.
Various illusions about enlightenment (and the benefits it supposedly confers) are often propagated by the enlightement industry. (The term appears somewhere in 'Rational Mysticism' by John Horgan)
Among these fantasies are:
* Assumption that enlightenment makes you infallible and all knowing.
*Enlightenment automatically liberates a person from anxiety, pre-existing neurosis, bigotry and makes them feel high all the time.
*That someone else can 'give' you enlightenment.
*That someone can be enlightened 24-7, no matter what they're saying and doing.
*That ordinary moral guidelines no longer apply to an enlightened person.
(Luna Tarlo wrote in her book that she felt perturbed that Poonja accredited Andrew to be a guru after just 6 weeks of training. But because such misgivings supposedly didnt apply to an enlightened person, Tarlo stifled her concerns. We demand more expertise from the guy who fixes our car than we do of the guru who demands our surrender.)
IMHO a lot of people who want enlightenment may actually want magic, or a perfect, ideal parent. It is much better to admit this at the start of your quest, no matter how embarrassed you feel admitting to this. Because if you carry these yearnings unconsciously, you'll be pulled into various traps.
Before you search for enlightenment, always ask, 'What do I wanna get out of it? What's in it for me?'
This self scrutiny is a better foundation for spiritual practice, than pretending you dont want goodies when in fact you want them. Take a kind, but searchingly honest look at your deepest hopes and your areas of spiritual horniness. Thats where your energy is. If you are conscious of it, you can work with it make that energy your ally, not have it used against you.
If you secretly hope that enlightenment will endow you with charisma and enable you to get rich, famous, compensate you for past humiliations, attract people to your side so you will never, ever be lonely again--admit that this is what you REALLY want from enlightenment.
Any unexamined fantasies you have about enlightenment can and will turn into potholes, blind alleys and pitfalls on the spiritual quest.
Agehananda Bharati did a survey of enlightened persons in India, and he experienced enlightenment himself. He found out that you cannot talk about enlightenment and preserve the experience, because ecstacy is incompatible with eloquence about ecstacy. [i:140198fa1e]You can read all his findings in The Light at the Center: Context and Pretext of Modern Mysticism[/i:140198fa1e]. It should be mandatory reading for anyone who thinks they need a guru, especially before they buy a plane ticket and go to India.
Even ordinary entrepreneurial activity is probably incompatible with what Bharati called 'The zero state.'
What Bharati discovered is that you must evict yourself from enlightenment in order to function in society and talk about enlightenment, just as you cannot describe orgasm while you're in the midst of orgasm.
The other thing Bharati discovered came from his expertise as a Sanskrit scholar, and his years as a wandering [i:140198fa1e]sadhu [/i:140198fa1e]in India. What he found was that over many centuries, Indian gurus evolved a professional coded language. They spoke as though they were enlightened 24-7, while in fact they had to exit their state of enlightenment in order to be articulate on the subject. So, while describing enlightenment, these gurus were not in it--they were only remembering it! (This also means that crooks who know nothing of enlightenment, can pretend to be enlightened if they master this coded language and then prattle it in front of audiences.)
This has made it nearly impossible to get a realistic take on what enlightenment really does and does not accomplish for those who experience it.
Finally, Bharati learned that there is no organization or authority in India which rules on an objective basis whether any guru is genuine or bogus. No one has to pass an examination or get a license to be a guru in India. Its not a protected title. Bharati found that in India, one becomes a guru by calling oneself a guru and by being called a guru. It is a process of ascription. All this is discussed in [i:140198fa1e]The Light at the Center[/i:140198fa1e]. Used copies are easily found on abebooks.com and alibris.com.
This means that it is entirely up to the seeker to discern whether a particular guru
1) is reliable or teaching doctrine/functioning in a social context that promotes craving and other states of mind incompatible with spiritual practice.
2) if a guru is honest, whether that person is the right teacher for the seeker. This means that a seeker looking for a guru must have a working knowledge of Sanskrit and various texts. And the seeker, in addition to knowing Sanskrit literature and its religious terminology, also has to know his or her own spiritual needs with a fair degree of precision.
Very few Westerners come to India with this kind of preparation. Many Western-oriented Indians are just as vulnerable.
For more insights, Dan Shaw MSW has a paper on traumatic abuses in cults.
His paper 'Traumatic Abuse in Cults-A Psychoanalytic Perspective' by Daniel Shaw MSW
[
hometown.aol.com] Abuse in Cults
is lengthy but well worth reading. [/i]