A good question to ponder when looking at any religious or human potential group is to ask how the charismatic leader behaves, in private, toward his or her entourage.
Entourage members deserve our closer scrutiny. There are fewer of them than there are outer circle members, but entourage members may incur much worse and more damaging forms of abuse, and may be left terrified to tell what they know. Some may live in fear of legal consequences. They may feel deeply afraid to speak up. The leader's enforcers may threaten them, and lower ranking members may resent them for having passed on abusive behavior from the guru.
Former entourage members may thus find themselves in a double bind.
In some cases entourage members may have been led to perpetrate abuse on orders from the guru and be blamed and hated by ohter members who are eager to idealize the guru and assume that someone else was responsible. They may face special pain as a price of regaining access to their pre-cult selves. Some may find it utterly unbearable to wake up--and continue to defend the leader or insist that it was all a grand adventure, something special and set apart from ordinary human experience, and therefore incomparable.
If one holds one's experiences as incomparable there is no way to see their human similarity with other people's reports and this entrenches isolation.
Steve Susoyev,a former entourage member of an abusive leader, nearly went to jail. In his memoir,
People Farm, Susoyev wrote 'As a victim perpetrator, I live with a knowledge that has few advocates.' He wrote that some still fear him for what he did, and he has had, very humbly to accept that.
Time and again, I have read that in abusive groups, there is often an outer circle where people get teachings and feel benefit, and see only the leader's sunny side.
But there is quite often, an inner circle, hand selected for willingness to absorb, rationalize and endure abuse, whose actual unspoken job is to protect, conceal and parent the child/shadow side of the leader, absorb abuse and keep secrets of the shadow side of the guru, whose dark face is kept hidden from the public.
Few who sit in the auditoriums or darshan halls feeling the bliss, ever ask, 'How fares the entourage?'
If a leader or group is covertly abusive, I suspect that one doesnt become an entourage member just by walking in off the street.
It may be that one gets tapped for the role after already passing a series of unspoken and covert tests, much the way certain individuals target and test children to see which ones are vulnerable and receptive to further stages of grooming and seduction.
In some cases, it may work like a coin sorter, into which one pours coins and shakes them around. Some self select and stay in the back seats--and dont get
seriously harmed--they are the lucky pennies.
But the half dollars, through that same process of churning, may work through into a 'slot' where they are vetted for suitability as entourage members. Its a little different for each group and only in retrospect, perhaps decades later, can the process be reconstructed.
My hunch is that those likely to qualify for recruitment into an abusive leader's entourage would often be persons who are already among the walking wounded, perhaps in some ways, not knowing the full extent of what was done to them. They are often talented, hard working (the ones who would play the Hero/Rescuer role in the classic Alcoholic Family), and already capable of rationalizing harsh behavior and ready to feel responsible for someone else's emotions---and also likely to have useful talents and social connections. In some cases, having trust funds would help.
Perhaps another important feature is ability to stay up late hours and not look like crap the following morning. Abusive groups and leaders are exhausting and draining. Stamina is needed. That may be one reason why such groups and leaders prefer young people.
A person who needs to get up early to go to a normal job would find it hard to do so if left a nervous wreck after being screamed at by an abusive guru. One would also need to be able to afford frequent access to massage therapists, or medication to soothe the tension generated by living with the responsiblity of parenting an abusive child/guru.
Two of the best written accounts in book form by former entourage members are Steve Susoyev's
People Farm and Amy Wallace's account of her life as an inner circle/consort of Carlos Castaneda--
The Sorcerer's Apprentice.
Amy W tells of how CC's female assistants (known as 'The Witches') behaved
nastily when giving public readings. Anyone with good boundaries and adult self respect would have gotten up and left afterwards. But those who stuck around, passed an unspoken test--a craving for power and mystique so great that they were willing to endure abuse. In Amy's case, Castaneda learned that her father had died, and phoned her, when Amy was bereaved and depressed, and told her he had had a dream about her father, through whom young Amy had been introduced to Castaneda, years before.
And a brilliant blog by Marta Szabo describing life as an entourage member can be read here in the entries April-September 2007:
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the-guru-looked-good.blogspot.com]
In some cases the recruitment is done knowingly and in other cases it can be a sort of mutual unconsciousness--but is certainly not supposed to happen if someone purports to be enlightened and to promise healing..
The hazard is entourage members may witness and do things that leave them frightened and ashamed to speak out later on. Susoyev tells how he did things that his leader later used to blackmail him. Other entourage members were young persons whom the leader threatened to remand back into the juvenile justice system if they failed to comply with his orders.
Another feature for entourage members is the ability to endure heavy stress without breaking down in illness. Many entourage members may perhaps keep going with the aid of drugs, or constant visits to alternative therapists--preferably those who will not ask why the person has to visit so very frequently for stress reduction protocols.
Meanwhile, outer circle members never see the hidden abuses, and have only the idealized public side of the leader and the bliss inducing effects of the methods, they have no frame of reference when former entourage members try to bear witness-- because to believe them means giving up the idealized image of the guru on which many come to depend for thier own serenity.
All too often outer circle members will say, 'But that was not my experience!' when told about the burden of suffering endured by the entourage members. But...what price bliss if it is generated off the backs of a small group who suffers in silence?
It is really not much different from a family where the parents are wonderful at throwing parties that enthrall their adult guests, while being mean as hell to their own kids when in private, after the party is over.
And is not much different from a director who does utterly fantastic films, but who screamed vile abuse on the movie sets where the work was done.
If outer circle members are kept in ignorance of how the entourage members suffer, they may run businesses such as yoga practices, or alternative healing practices and in all innocence, encourage clients to get involved with the group that has seemingly benfitted so many.
This article gives quite a good description of entourage life:
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www.i4m.com]
19. Witness and Accept the Leaders' Faults
Once they reach the highest levels of the cult pyramid, members are privy to their leaders' darkest actions. Members must also come to terms with the abusive behavior of their leaders.
Mormon missionaries also experience this cult phenomena first hand. True Believing Missionaries in the field think their assignments are inspired and the Mission President is a prophet. Those who end up working in the office learn the President has a dark side that is petty, arbitrary and cruel. Yet those exposed to this still propagate the myth that the President is divinely-inspired leader. This is also common in ward and stake leadership.They may continue to feel protective and parental, toward the leader, at at their own expense, long after seeming to have physically left the group.
It is like modern leashes for dogs. Unlike the old fashioned leather leash, a new style dog-leash is extensible--but nevertheless the dog is still at the end and under control of the person holding that leash--though the dog may not always feel the tug. Some groups are adept at hooking us up to extensible leashes.
So...its never enough to look at a charismatic leader.
Learn to ask, 'How well does he or she treat their entourage and support staff?'
Edited 1 time(s). Last edit at 03/16/2008 07:14AM by corboy.